Extracting material parameters for a new pcb substrate as well as determining the suitability of this material for the fabrication of patch antennas are described. As a conclusion, a compact size antenna is achieved due to the reduced value of. Substrate is a base or container on which microstrip patch metallic sheet antenna is fabricated and it plays important role in microstrip antenna functioning. In the present endeavor, a rectangular patch antenna is designed on thick substrate and simulated using sonnet software, also a novel analysis technique is. The substrate in microstrip antennas is principally needed for the mechanical support of the antenna. In order to design a microstrip patch antenna at first the designer is to select the substrate material and its thickness. Suppose we want to design the patch antenna that resonates at 2. Slit loaded h shaped microstrip patch antenna for 2. In its most basic form, a microstrip patch antenna consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate which h as a ground plane on the other side. This paper proposes a small sized, lowcost multiband monopole antenna which can cover the wimax bands and cband. Conformal lowprofile eshaped patch antenna with unequal. The microstrip patch antenna emanate because of the collection of opposite charges forming fringing fields between the patch edge and the ground plane. Additional benefits of patch antennas is that they are easily fabricated making them cost effective. To design a microstrip patch antenna the following are the requirements.
Different dielectric materials affect the electrical characteristics of a patch antenna differently. The antenna designs employ a trident shaped copper patch on. In this paper, the simulation is performed by using software computer simulation technology cst microwave studio based on finite difference time domain technique. To study the effect of substrate material for microstrip. The most common shapes for patch are rectangular and circular 12. Microstrip patch antenna using hfss ansys duration. What is the purpose of a substrate in a microstrip patch. Different substrates use in microstrip patch antennaa survey. The coordinate axis is taken at the center of the patch or substrate. You can specify several namevalue pair arguments in any order as name1, value1. Finite substrate microstrip line simulated with feko. Refer article on design of microstrip patch antenna used. Where w is the width of the patch antenna element, h is the height of the substrate. The antenna was analyzed using commercial em software based on finiteelementmethod fem analysis, the popular hfss threedimensional 3d simulation software.
Appropriate selection of dielectric material and its thickness is an important. Microstrip patch antennas or simply patch antenna are increasingly useful because the antenna is printed directly onto a circuit board. Resonant frequency of the antenna10ghz relative permittivity of the substrate. The dimensions of patch antenna were calculated based on the three essential parameters. Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna array. The finite element method based, full wave electromagnetic simulator hfss is efficiently. In order to reduce the size of the antenna, substrate with high dielectric constants must be used. Microstrip patch antenna calculator patch antenna formula. The microstrip antenna produces maximum radiation in the broadside perpendicular to the substrate direction and ideally no radiation in the endfire along the surface of the substrate direction. Conformal patch antennas with unequal thickness substrate are. The patch and the ground plane are separated by a dielectric substrate. The return loss and the various gain plots have been studied along with the radiation patterns. Which substrate dimensions shall i choose for a patch antenna. A new pcb substrate used for patch antenna fabrication.
Effects of using different substrates on the performance of an inset. Review of msp antenna design for various substrates. In the drawing above, blue area is the substrate and brown area represents the top conducting layer which is half of the antenna. The substrate provides mechanical strength to the overall antenna design and surface waves also propagate. Which is the best suitable substrate material to design patch antenna suitable for beam steering applications in ka band.
Substrate for designing low profile multiband monopole microstrip antenna. I mean how much the the length x and the width y of the dielectric substrate must be. A rectangular microstrip patch antenna model is proposed using air as a substrate to study the characteristics of designed antenna. Microstrip patch antenna is used in mobile handset due to simple look, lower cost, small size and light in weight. If the ratio lw is close to unity, the radiation pattern will be symmetric but may not provide a resonable input impedance. Hence the substrate is important in antenna design which causes to miniaturization as well as broadband ing the antenna. Schematic view of microstrip patch antenna mpa is shown in figure 1. The microstrip antenna has a planar geometry and it consists of a defected ground, a feed, a substrate, a patch and a defected ground structure.
The current work involves the design and fabrication of a threestack patch antenna with coaxial probe feed, designed on al 2 o 3 ceramic material substrate. Design and performance analysis of microstrip patch. The main factor involved to design a rectangular patch. The proposed rectangular patch antenna has been devise using glass epoxy substrate fr4 with dielectric constant. Design of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna using. Design of a rectangular patch antenna with a photonic crystal. Type of substrate shape of patch dimension of patch feeding technique resonant frequency substrate thickness though all above are the requirements for antenna fabrication. Flexible novel trident shaped microstrip patch antennas design. The performance parameters of patch antenna are also improved by designing different patch shapes. Pdf in order to design a microstrip patch antenna at first the designer is to select the substrate material and its thickness. This paper presents the comparisons of different substrate that can be used in microstrip patch antenna i.
Finite substrate microstrip line simulated with feko youtube. The material is comprised of 60% fiberglass and 40% epoxy resin. Wearable textile patch antenna using jeans as substrate. A patch antenna is a narrowband, widebeam antenna fabricated by etching the antenna element pattern in metal trace bonded to an insulating dielectric substrate such as a printed circuit board with a continuous metal layer bonded to the opposite side of the substrate which forms a ground plane 4. This antenna does not take any much extra size and can be etched on the same mobile pcb itself. The geometrical structure and configuration with detailed design parameters of the proposed patch antenna are shown in figure 1. This structure is defined with a three em layers in the stackup. The design with dgs has been analysed and the simulation using the cst microwave studio commercial software for wlan band at 5. Particularly in cell phones, the designers are given very little space and want the antenna to be a halfwavelength long.
What is the effect of a substrate in a microstrip antenna. A patch antenna is an antenna having narrow bandwidth and widebeam of radiation fabricated by photo etching technique on the dielectric substrate 2. The microstrip patch antenna calculator determines the length l and width w of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. A patch antenna is a narrowband, widebeam antenna fabricated by etching the antenna element pattern in metal trace bonded to an insulating dielectric substrate, such as a printed circuit board, with a continuous metal layer bonded to the opposite side. A microstrip patch antenna finds huge attention because of several advantages over the conventional antennas. The above equation says that the microstrip antenna should have a length equal to one half of a wavelength within the dielectric substrate medium. The effect of changing substrate material and thickness on the. Lowcost dielectric substrate for designing low profile. The propounded antenna employing brown leather as substrate has the return loss of 54.
This paper presents two flexible teflon substrates of thickness 0. Higher values of permittivity allow a shrinking of the patch antenna. Microstrip patch antenna design calculator 1 mosin i memon and 2 prof. Various substrates like foam, duroid, benzocyclobutane, roger 4350, epoxy, fr4, duroid 6010 are in use to achieve better gain and bandwidth. Pdf the effect of changing substrate material and thickness on. The first step is determine the length and width of the patch antenna. Required gain and directivity cannot achieve with a single patch antenna so 8x1 patch antennas array has been designed to achieve high gain and directivity for intrusion detection application at precise operating frequency of xband.
The industry standard, 3d full wave electromagnetic. A new pcb substrate used for patch antenna fabrication this article describes the modeling, fabrication and analysis of microstrip patch antennas. Unequal thickness substrate is used in the patch antenna design to maintain the wideband characteristic of the conformal eshaped patch antenna. Due to the low manufacturing cost, ease of fabrication, design flexibility, and ready market availability of the proposed material, it has become a popular substrate for patch antenna design. Microstrip antenna an overview sciencedirect topics. Design and performance analysis of high gain microstrip patch. Basic patch antenna design although there are many variations on patch antenna design, the basic configuration is shown in figure 1, where l is then length relative to the feedpoint and w is the width. Why should fr4 substrate be mostly used in microstrip. Selection of microstrip patch antenna substrate for wlan. Antennas using patches as constitutive elements in an array are also possible. Their low profile design, often square or rectangular, allows them to be mounted to flat surfaces. Design of microstrip patch antenna using defected ground. The center frequency will be approximately given by. The most common type of microstrip antenna is the patch antenna.
The paper presents a broadband microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication. Name is the property name and value is the corresponding value. Lenghtheffective wavelength2under root of relative permitivity of substrate. Design of rectangular microstrip patch antenna ieee. The laalo 3 was chosen as a substrate material for the designed patch antenna with a dielectric constant of 23. We can increase bandwidth by using very low dielectric substrate material such as air wich have er1 and by increasing thickness between patch and ground. Here we discussed different dielectric substrate frequently used in microstrip patch antenna to enhance overall efficiency of antenna. The fundamentals of patch antenna design and performance.
So, if the designer has a clear conception about the effect of changing substrate material and its thickness on the performance of the antenna, it will be easier to design an antenna. For wlan application the size of antenna should be small. The substrate between patch and ground plane plays important role in design it decides the bandwidth as well as size of the microstrip antenna. Properties not specified retain their default values. The rtduroid substrate has a dielectric constant of 2. In this paper, a patch antenna with a pc substrate is designed and analyzed using the software package high frequency structure simulator hfss. The height of the middle layer is set equal to the height of the substrate. It covers microstrip based dcs band design example of mobile patch antenna. Shows the geometry of the proposed four element square micro strip antenna in hfss four element square patch array antenna design simulations results are as follows. The substrate in microstrip antennas is principally needed for the mechanical support. Lowcost substrate supports multiband patch antenna. Not just for patch antenna, mostly we used fr4 substrate for low frequency designs because it is lowcost and easy available in the market.
Lowcost dielectric substrate for designing low profile multiband. The impedance of the antenna increases with higher permittivities. Design and analysis of multi substrate microstrip patch antenna. A conformal lowprofile eshaped patch antenna is presented in this paper. The narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna increases with increasing in thickness of the substrate. The operation frequency of patch antenna was designed at 2. Decide the desire frequency selection of substrate material and height.
Generally, patch antenna has a shape of rectangle, and it can be feed with copper cable or microstrip line in our case. Microstrip patch antenna design santa clara university. The reflection coefficient is less than 10db for a frequency range of 3. Which is the best suitable substrate material to design patch. The frequency of operation of the patch antenna of figure 1 is determined by the length l. The effect of changing substrate material and thickness on.
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